Monday, October 01, 2012

Understanding Gold Purity.


Understanding Gold Purity
Ounce = 28.35 Grams
Kilo =     35.27 Ounces
Gram =  .035 Ounces
24Kt    100% Gold
22Kt    91.6% Gold
18Kt    75.0% Gold
14Kt    58.3% Gold
12Kt    50.0% Gold
10Kt    41.7% Gold

Why is Gold so Valuable?

Why is gold so valuable?

Gold is the most sought after mineral in the world!.  Diamond is the second most sought after mineral in the world.

What is gold used for?
Gold is primarily used for jewelry, plating for electrical connections, and a financial commodity to store of value independent of fiat currencies.

Why is understanding Gold important?

If you are interested in history, sociology, economics, art, fashion, science, literature, investments, speculation; gold has has something interesting to learn. Gold has played a major role in our history, economics, culture, science for quite a long time. The properties of gold simple and unique.  However, understanding  the fascination power and symbolism can be bit complex.
Gold is currently worn, adored, stored, hoarded and speculating on everyday.  It is being stored in Fort Knox in New York and mined everyday in remote places in the world. Gold inspires passion, pain, blood, birth, celebration, love and death.
In 1821 Britain gold as the single monetary standard. Gold has backed currencies paid off debts and been accepted as a form of payment for over 3,000 years.
Gold is fun because it’s can be used to create beautiful works or art to wear and admire.  It can also be fun for the investor and speculator to attempt to make money on it.

In simplest terms, gold is valuable because it is enduring.  Gold is practically indestructible. You can hammer gold, you can drop in the ocean for 1,000 years, and it will endure.  It has resistance to water, salt, and air.

Every since gold has been discover more than 7,000 years ago, gold has been a part of human culture to represent beauty and wealth.  Gold has remarkable qualities which is the reason it’s used for jewelry.
Because of gold’s rarity, beauty, history, symbolism, and natural properties; gold is used for industry, investment and especially for jewelry.

Gold a metal or a mineral? 

Gold is both a metal and a mineral.  It's name means yellow in Anglos Saxon.

About 2,000 minerals have been found. Gold is composed of a single element which is AU, which is aurum in latin and has a rich yellow color.

Mineral is a building block of rocks.  Minerals are found in the earth and is not made by man. Mineral is inorganic and are not alive like plants or animals.  Coal is not a mineral as it is decayed plants and animals. Minerals are a chemical substance and some minerals are made of only one element like gold or silver while some like quartz are a combination of minerals. Minerals will always have the same chemical composition.  

Gold Mining
 
Gold mining is the extracting of gold from the ground.  There are several methods, techniques and processes which gold is mined from the earth.  It’s impossible to know when gold was found but estimates are about 7,000 years.
Gold in it’s native form are in nuggets, grains of rocks, in veins, and in alluvial deposits.

Scientific Facts of Gold
 
Gold has the atomic symbol Au and the atomic number 79. It is very dense, but can be easily combined in alloys.
Pure gold is a yellow, lusterous, dense, malleable, ductile, soft, and resist oxidation from air and water.  However, the metal can resist attacks from individual acids but dissolves in certain mixtures of acids. The substance melts at 1065.18 degrees Celsius. The element fairs very well in environments of air, moisture, corrosive agents, or other chemical forces.

The price of gold is decided by purity and its weight. Pure gold, also known as 24K gold, is very malleable and ductile. However, when it is made into an alloy, whether 18K (75% gold) or 14K (58.3% gold), it is more durable and practical for everyday use.

Properties of Gold
Scientifically, the properties of gold make it a practical material, allowing it to be used for many high-end goods. Gold has strong corrosion resistance, only harmed by nitric and hydrochloric acid. With high conductivity combined with its durability, people choose gold over copper and silver for some electronic parts. Lastly, its malleability and ductility allow it to be transformed into a variety of shapes and forms. These properties make gold extremely useful for both industrial and luxury use. Gold has uses scattered across unrelated fields, showing the versatility of the metal as well.

What is gold used for?
Gold is a standard of international currency and is widely used as jewelry, electronics, dentistry,  plating for electrical connections, and a financial commodity to store of value independent of fiat currencies.  

How to Refine Gold

Creating consumer-ready gold is a process that involves three steps: prospecting, extracting, and then refining gold.
One of the most difficult phases of creating processed gold is finding it. There are a variety of ways to find gold, such as gold panning, metal detecting, sluicing, dredging, and mining. Panning for gold is easiest, but mining is the most practical for large-scale production. With mining, geologists search for of gold in rocks and soil. If there are indications of gold, scientists drill samples, take them to the lab, and analyze their gold content. Next, if samples turn out positive, miners will take some of that rock from the ground. They now need to isolate it and refine it into actual gold. First, the large chunks of rock are broken down into smaller pieces by crushers. Once the ore becomes a powder, it is put into water to form a pulp. This liquid runs through a leaching tank, which dissolves the gold out of the ore through the use of chemicals. (Usually, cyanide is the most common solvent used.) Then comes a filter, which prevents the pulp from passing but allows the dissolved gold to go through. The last procedure called electro-winning delivers an electric current to the liquid to remove any last leaching chemicals. Later, gold is melted into chunks and is shipped off to other refineries for better processing.

Refining gold is the last stage of gold production. It removes impurities that may be left in the gold. First, gold must be completely melted, which usually happens at 1102 degrees Celsius. Once everything is melted, borax and soda ash are added. Next, the liquid gold is poured into a mold and is left to settle, where the larger impurities settle on the top, and the dense gold sinks to the bottom. Once everything hardens, the gold would form the bottom layer of the molded substance. It can then be broken off from the rest of the impurities. Later, the gold might need to be remelted and purified once again.



How can you invest in gold?
You can buy physical gold or own gold through paper documents (shares and certificates).
Investing in Gold is like any other investment in which investors must recognize from the start that things may not turn out how they expect.  Investing in gold in the future does not look like it will go away.  The one main advantage about investing in gold is that it has not gone down to zero. This is not to say that is will not be volatile and go down but it not likely to be worthless or go bankrupt on you like a stock or a company.
Advantages of Investing in Gold
One of the advantages of gold is that it is easy to liquidate.  It is the most liquidable hassle free physical assets to liquidate in the world.  Prices can be checked with ease via the Internet and calculated with precision.
Disadvantages of investing in gold
Although gold investment does have profits, there are also some inconveniences that come with it. Investing in an actual piece of gold, either as a coin or a bullion, is subject to hidden costs of buying and selling. When a gold coin is bought or sold, mandatory fees must be paid. Furthermore, the owner must find a safe location to store the gold, whether in a safe or a safety deposit box at the bank. Without a secure location, it is possible that anyone might steal the gold. Unlike gold stocks or bonds, gold certainly can be misplaced or taken by a burglar or thief. Lastly, there is a possibility of gold rates lowering. Gold, like all investments, can take a downturn depending on complicating factors in the global economy.
Ways of Investing in Gold
There are a number of methods to invest in gold. Such as actual pieces of gold in the for of coins, bullion, jewelry.  You can also invest in indexes or gold stocks.
For convenience, gold indexes and stocks are great!  Gold stocks are easy to buy and easy to sell. For adornment and profit potential; rare gold coins and jewelry have great potential but also great pitfalls.
People may not consider buying gold stocks, as it is directly correlated to the price of actual gold. As gold prices continue to increase, so will the stocks, sometimes even more so.
Personally, I think that gold stocks are the most convenient method to invest. The price of gold stocks are related to the price of actual gold. When gold prices are high, gold stock indexes rise, sometimes double the amount of gold depending on the stock. Furthermore, with stocks, you avoid any hidden costs. It is simple to buy and sell stocks at any moment and at any price since you do not need to find a buyer. Buying stocks has all the benefits of buying actual gold, but it is easier to facilitate a transaction. For an investor with little experience in the field of gold, buying gold stocks is less of a hassle yet the most profitable way make money.
Best way to Invest in gold
There isn’t a best way to invest in gold.  It’s more a less of a personal choice. I prefer to invest in gold via jewelry as I have advantages for selling it for profit potential for the design.
When buying any gold coin, there is a transaction fee that is also attached. This may be 3 to 5%, depending on the seller. Purchasing a Canadian Maple Leaf coin usually has the least hidden costs, although other sales would certainly have them. These prices become burdensome, especially if purchasing a large number of coins. However, some people prefer purchasing coins because of the emotional attachment to them. Instead of having a symbol of gold possession, such as a stock certificate or gold bond, the owner actually possesses the real gold coin.

Furthermore, other coins available are collectors items, so they may be worth even more than just its weight. In these instances, the convenience fee is very little in respect to their initial reason for purchasing a coin.

Personally, stocks are the most convenient method to earn profit from gold. The price of gold stocks are related to the price of actual gold. When gold prices are high, gold stock indexes rise, sometimes double the amount of gold depending on the stock. Furthermore, with stocks, you avoid any hidden costs. It is simple to buy and sell stocks at any moment and at any price since you do not need to find a buyer. Buying stocks has all the benefits of buying actual gold, but it is easier to facilitate a transaction. For an investor with little experience in the field of gold, buying gold stocks is less of a hassle yet the most profitable way make money.

Conclusion
Overall, all investors should primarily understand the pros and cons of gold investment before becoming involved in an unknown situation. Without understanding the fluctuation of gold, one would only be putting himself or herself into a risky investment. Gold certainly can face decreases in price, and the market can even lower without any signs. However, this sort of risk factor is applicable to all investments. Gold will not become a 0% investment, and it will never become negative.

Why are Diamonds so Valuable?

Diamonds are the most expensive mineral in the world. 

Simply put, diamonds are so valuable because they are special! 

Diamonds so special is as it is prized for it's remarkable physical attributes:  
1) Diamonds are unique. 
2) Diamond is the most hardest natural mineral in the world
3) Diamond are extremely luminescence. 


These attributes of beauty and rarity have fascinated men and it’s these special characteristics that have created a $70 billion global industry and  become ingrained into modern culture.

These special physical and optical properties have created a huge demand and appreciation for them.  Finding, mining, cutting, classifying, storing, distributing them are not only costly but time consuming.
Diamonds provide great value to many of those who own them be providing an artistic feeling of beauty and feeling of economic power and status.
To many, a diamonds beauty, rarity, unique properties and symbolism makes it so desirable. Whatever is rare and desirable will make it valuable.
Men want diamonds because is represents power, wealth, and prestige. Women want diamonds because of of the symbolism of romance and love. Diamonds also represents beauty and wealth which can elevate the status of the owner.
Diamonds are associated with wealth and money.  And money conveys power and prestige. Diamonds symbolize power and prestige.  On a global scale, diamonds are a $70 billion dollar industry and $30 billion dollars in the U.S.
Diamonds are a natural mineral formed underneath the earth’s surface and found and mined in remote places in the world. Diamonds are used in industry, investment, and inspiration for beauty. Diamonds are extremely difficult to find, facet, and fashion into jewelry.
Diamonds are literally the most compact form of wealth and ultimate symbol of wealth, power, beauty, and love.  Diamonds have enduring characteristics such hardness, brilliance, rarity, portability and durability that make it a very desirable, powerful and valuable product.
Diamonds are a main component of jewelry and typically used for engagement rings, pendants, earrings, bracelets, bangles, anniversaries gifts and other very special occasions.
Diamonds are not only adored in the U.S. but all over the world.  Just like people, diamonds are unique and it’s impossible to find two diamonds alike. Each diamond possesses it’s own personality.  Some are introverted, some are extroverted, some are beautiful and some are not. But all are special in it’s own way.

The Purpose of Jewelry

Jewelry has endured for thousands of years.  And should continue to endure for thousands of more.  Established jewelry making most likely began in ancient Egypt about 5,000 years ago, but no one is for certain.  The Egyptians preferred using precious stones and gold over other metals.

The main purpose of jewelry is for adornment or express an emotion.  Jewelry is used to enhance the beauty or status of the wearer or signify a relationship. Often jewelry is worn to express love, distinguish the owner, elevate the economic status or attract attention. Jewelry is made for practically every body part.  From nose rings to toe rings.


Jewelry is made by a wide variety of materials but typically it’s made from precious metals and gemstones.  The form and function of jewelry are typically used to display artistic beauty, status, symbolism, and wealth.

The price range for jewelry can range from affordable to outrageous.

What is a Diamond

What is a Diamond?
It’s transparent natural crystallized carbon mineral.

Diamond is composed of carbon and is a polymorph of carbon.  It crystallizes in isometric system and it’s crystal habit is cube and octahedron.  It’s cubic structure is Face Centered Cubic.  Atoms are tetrahedral and triangular prism. Diamonds have perfect cleavage in 4 directions. Diamonds are chemically inert. Diamond repel water.  Diamonds has the highest refractive index of any transparent stone. Diamonds are transported by volcanic magma. Once diamond is formed, it can not convert back to graphite. Diamonds are very stable.  Meta stable, kinetically stable and thermodynamically stable.

Are Diamonds Rare?


Diamonds are both plentiful and rare.  While the debate if diamonds are rare will continue for the foreseeable future.
In my opinion, high quality exceptionally cut certified diamonds of over 1 carat are rare!

When was the first diamond found?

Many scholars believe that diamonds were first found in India about 4000 years ago.  But in reality no one knows for sure.

Currently the diamond rough production is valued at $14 Billion industry.  


The Top Ten in ranking in terms of value are:









The Top Mining Companies are:




What values and benefits do diamonds provide?


The function of a diamond is multidimensional:  First they offer a product from nature that is beautiful to look at.  They also offer psychic comfort too many in terms of the symbolisms they provide and lastly they offer vehicle to store their wealth in terms of a physical asset.
The diamond – water paradox is an important topic to discuss as it involves the usability and economic importance of both.

How are Colorless Diamonds Priced?


How to measure a diamond value is more of an art than a science.  Understanding all the factors how much to value a diamond is not crystal clear.
However, it begins with grading and having the diamond certified by a reputable laboratory like AGS, GIA, or HRD.
Secondly, the two major benchmarks are Rapaport Price list for the wholesale market and Blue Nile for the retail market. Utilizing both of these sources will give you a clearer indication of what your diamond is worth.

The Psychology of the Diamond.


Exploring the psychological appreciation of diamonds is of utmost importance to those who buy or sell diamonds in order to optimize one’s desired outcome.
Understanding consumer diamond purchasing behavior is important for the merchandiser to make intelligent buying decisions so they can improve the effectiveness of their purchases.
The sourcing and selection process for most buyers especially in small diamond organizations are instinctive but surprisingly effective for man of them.  However, in such a competitive economic marketplace, skills can be improved with education.

Explain the difference between diamonds and gold.


First of all, gold is a precious metal and diamonds are a precious mineral.  Gold is opaque while diamonds are semi-transparent.

Gold has an homogeneous quality while diamonds do not. Economically speaking gold is a commodity and is fungible and can be divided while diamonds are unique, no two diamonds are alike.

Valuation of diamonds is more complex than gold. Gold have very clear and concrete pricing structure while diamonds pricing is subjective.

Why Do People buy Diamonds?


Not everyone buys diamonds for the same reason however here is a sample list:
1. Beauty
2. Symbolism
3. Investment
4. Tradition
5. Conspicuous Consumption
6. Adornment

Are Diamonds a good Investment?


Investing in diamonds for financial monetary gain can be complex and risky venture to most people!

Like any investment, diamond investment is somewhat unpredictable.  You can make or you can lose money.

Personally, I think certified colorless diamonds are a risky investment for several reasons.  

Unlike stocks, they are a physical asset, and unlike real estate they are portable and unlike cash they are a compact form of wealth.

Are Diamonds Forever?

Forever is a long time and I’m not sure if anything is forever.  However, I confident that diamonds will continue to endure as long as people value beauty, rarity, and vanity.

Are Tiffany diamonds better a generic diamond?


It depends how you define better.  There is an inherent value for Tiffany brand that should be appreciative and accounted for. Tiffany diamonds are fantastic and their is both an intrinsic and extrinsic value to owning a Tiffany branded diamond.  The Tiffany branded diamond may provide the owner of a peace of mind or happiness that can not be offered from any other item.
However, with research and expertise, you can definitely find a reputably certified, rare diamond that is exceptionally cut that is not only higher quality than a Tiffany diamond but better and for much less money.